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module Lock_file

: sig

Mutual exclusion between processes using flock and lockf. A file is considered locked if either of these mechanisms works.

These locks are OS-level but are Local (will not work across computers even if they mount the same directory).

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val create : ?message:string -> ?close_on_exec:bool -> ?unlink_on_exit:bool -> string -> bool

create ?close_on_exec ?message path tries to create a file at path containing the text message, which defaults to the pid of the locking process. It returns true on success, false on failure. Note: there is no way to release the lock or the fd created inside! It will only be released when the process dies. If close_on_exec is false, then the lock will not be released until children created via fork and exec also terminate. If not specified, close_on_exec=true. Note that by default, the lock file is not cleaned up for you when the process exits. If you pass unlink_on_exit:true, an at_exit handler will be set up to remove the lock-file on program termination.

The lock file is created with mode 664, so will not be world-writable even with umask 0.

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val create_exn : ?message:string -> ?close_on_exec:bool -> ?unlink_on_exit:bool -> string -> unit

create_exn ?message path is like create except that it throws an exception on failure instead of returning a boolean value

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val blocking_create : ?timeout:Time.Span.t -> ?message:string -> ?close_on_exec:bool -> ?unlink_on_exit:bool -> string -> unit

blocking_create t tries to create the lock. If another process holds the lock this function will wait until it is released or until timeout expires.

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val is_locked : string -> bool

is_locked path returns true when the file at path exists and is locked, false otherwise. Requires write permission for the lock file.

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module Nfs : sig

An implementation neutral NFS lock file scheme that relies on the atomicity of link over NFS (see NFS Illustrated, atomicity for more information). Rather than relying on a working traditional advisory lock system over NFS we create a hard link between the file given to the create call and a new file <filename>.nfs_lock. This link call is atomic (in that it succeeds or fails) across all systems that have the same filesystem mounted. The link file must be cleaned up on program exit (normally accomplished by an at_exit handler, but see caveats below).

There are a few caveats compared to local file locks:

  • These calls require the locker to have write access to the directory containing the file being locked.
  • Unlike a normal flock call the lock may not be removed when the calling program exits (in particular if it is killed with SIGKILL).
  • NFS lock files are non-standard and difficult to reason about. This implementation strives to strike a balance between safety and utility in the common case:
  • one program per machine
  • one shared user running the program

Use cases outside of this may push on/break assumptions used for easy lock cleanup/taking and may lead to double taking the lock. If you have such an odd use case you should test it carefully/consider a different locking mechanism.

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val create : ?message:string -> string -> unit Core_kernel.Std.Or_error.t

create ?message path tries to create and lock the file at path by creating a hard link to path.nfs_lock. The contents of path will be replaced with a sexp containing the caller's hostname and pid, and the optional message.

Efforts will be made to release this lock when the calling program exits. But there is no guarantee that this will occur under some types of program crash. If the program crashes without removing the lock file an attempt will be made to clean up on restart by checking the hostname and pid stored in the lockfile.

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val create_exn : ?message:string -> string -> unit

create_exn ?message path like create, but throws an exception when it fails to obtain the lock

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val blocking_create : ?timeout:Time.Span.t -> ?message:string -> string -> unit

blocking_create ?message path like create, but sleeps for 1 second between lock attempts and does not return until it succeeds or timeout expires. Timeout defaults to wait indefinitely

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val critical_section : ?message:string -> string -> timeout:Time.Span.t -> f:(unit -> 'a) -> 'a

critical_section ?message ~timeout path ~f wrap function f (including exceptions escaping it) by first locking (using blocking_create) and then unlocking the given lock file.

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val get_hostname_and_pid : string -> (string * Core_kernel.Std.Pid.t) option

get_hostname_and_pid path reads the lock file at path and returns the hostname and path in the file. Returns None if the file cannot be read.

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val get_message : string -> string option

get_message path reads the lock file at path and returns the message in the file. Returns None if the file cannot be read.

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val unlock_exn : string -> unit

unlock_exn path unlocks path if path was locked from the same host and the pid in the file is either the current pid or not the pid of a running process. It will raise if for some reason the lock at the given path cannot be unlocked, for example if the lock is taken by somebody else that is still alive on the same box, or taken by a process on a different host, or unix permissions issues, etc. This function should be used only by programs that need to release their lock before exiting. If releasing the lock can or should wait till the end of the running process, do not call this function -- this library already takes care of releasing at exit all the locks taken.

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val unlock : string -> unit Core_kernel.Std.Or_error.t
end
end